Rabbana atina fid dunya hasanatan wa fil akhirati hasanatan wa qina adhaban nar: "Our Lord, give us good in this world and good in the Hereafter, and protect us from the Fire." It was the dua the Prophet ﷺ made most.
رَبَّنَآ ءَاتِنَا فِى ٱلدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةًۭ وَفِى ٱلْءَاخِرَةِ حَسَنَةًۭ وَقِنَا عَذَابَ ٱلنَّارِ
Rabbanā ātinā fid-dunyā ḥasanatan wa fil-ākhirati ḥasanatan wa qinā ʿadhāban-nār
Our Lord, give us in this world [that which is] good and in the Hereafter [that which is] good and protect us from the punishment of the Fire.
Quran 2:201, Sahih International
وَمِنْهُم مَّن يَقُولُ رَبَّنَآ ءَاتِنَا فِى ٱلدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةًۭ وَفِى ٱلْءَاخِرَةِ حَسَنَةًۭ وَقِنَا عَذَابَ ٱلنَّارِ
Wa minhum mai yaqoolu rabbanaaa aatina fid dunyaa hasanatawn wa fil aakhirati hasanatanw wa qinaa azaaban Naar
But among them is he who says, "Our Lord, give us in this world [that which is] good and in the Hereafter [that which is] good and protect us from the punishment of the Fire."
Quran 2:201, Sahih International translation
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Guide
Rabbana atina fid dunya hasanatan wa fil akhirati hasanatan wa qina adhaban nar means "Our Lord, give us good in this world and good in the Hereafter, and protect us from the punishment of the Fire" (Quran 2:201). In a few words it asks for everything a person needs.
Anas ibn Malik said: "The dua the Prophet ﷺ made most often was: Allahumma rabbana atina fid-dunya hasanah, wa fil-akhirati hasanah, wa qina adhaban-nar" (Sahih al-Bukhari 6389). Anas himself, when asked for a dua, would make this one.
Scholars explained the good of this world as health, a righteous spouse, lawful provision, useful knowledge and good deeds. The good of the Hereafter is Allah's pleasure, an easy reckoning and Paradise. "Protect us from the Fire" asks to be kept away from what leads to it as well.
Because it is a dua from the Quran, many Hanafi scholars recommend it among the duas read in the last sitting of salah, before the salam.
The ayah comes during the verses on Hajj. Allah contrasts those who ask only for this world with those who ask for good in both, and says of the second group: "Those will have a share of what they have earned" (Quran 2:202).
Rabbana atina fid dunya hasanah, rabbana atina fiddunya, rabana atina and rabbana aatina are all the same dua. Many people begin it with "Allahumma", as in the hadith.
Questions
Our Lord, give us good in this world and good in the Hereafter, and protect us from the punishment of the Fire.
Surah Al-Baqarah, ayah 201.
At any time. It is sunnah in tawaf between the Yemeni corner and the Black Stone, and many say it at the end of their duas and in the last sitting of salah.
Anas said it was the dua the Prophet ﷺ made most often (Bukhari 6389).