Short answer
In the sense the hadith describe, yes. The Prophet ﷺ said nothing turns back the decree except dua. Allah's eternal knowledge never changes, but He decreed some outcomes to come through causes, and dua is one of those causes. So your dua is itself part of your qadr.
Sunni scholars explain that what Allah knows from eternity, recorded in the Preserved Tablet, never changes, while what is written with the angels may be tied to conditions such as dua or keeping ties of kinship (13:39). Al-Tahawi affirms that Allah answers duas and fulfils needs.
The four schools agree on this.
Explanation
Belief in qadr (Allah's decree) is one of the six articles of faith: everything happens by Allah's knowledge, writing, will and creation. That does not make dua pointless. The Prophet ﷺ said: "Nothing turns back the decree except dua, and nothing increases life except righteousness", a hadith al-Tirmidhi graded hasan. He also said that whoever would like his provision increased and his life extended should keep ties with his relatives.
How can both be true? Allah knew from eternity that you would make this dua and that He would answer it. The answer was decreed together with the dua, just as recovery is decreed together with the medicine. The Quran says: "Allah eliminates what He wills or confirms, and with Him is the Mother of the Book" (13:39). Commentators explain that the records with the angels can change by Allah's command, while the Mother of the Book, His complete knowledge, does not.
Scholars call the first kind the suspended decree (qada mu'allaq), which depends on a cause, and the second the final decree (qada mubram). We do not know which is which, so we never stop asking. 'Umar ibn al-Khattab put it well when he turned back from a land struck by plague: we flee from the decree of Allah to the decree of Allah.
So make dua with certainty, take the means, and accept the outcome. Allah says: "Call upon Me; I will respond to you" (40:60). For the bigger question of choice, read if Allah has written everything, do we have free will? and how to make dua.
The evidence
Quran, Surah Ar-Ra'd 13:39
يَمْحُوا۟ ٱللَّهُ مَا يَشَآءُ وَيُثْبِتُ ۖ وَعِندَهُۥٓ أُمُّ ٱلْكِتَٰبِ ﴿٣٩﴾
Allah eliminates what He wills or confirms, and with Him is the Mother of the Book.
Basis for the distinction between changeable records and Allah's fixed knowledge.
Quran, Surah Ghafir 40:60
وَقَالَ رَبُّكُمُ ٱدْعُونِىٓ أَسْتَجِبْ لَكُمْ ۚ إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ عَنْ عِبَادَتِى سَيَدْخُلُونَ جَهَنَّمَ دَاخِرِينَ ﴿٦٠﴾
And your Lord says, "Call upon Me; I will respond to you." Indeed, those who disdain My worship will enter Hell [rendered] contemptible.
Allah promises to answer dua.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 2139
Grading to be checked... لاَ يَرُدُّ الْقَضَاءَ إِلاَّ الدُّعَاءُ وَلاَ يَزِيدُ فِي الْعُمُرِ إِلاَّ الْبِرُّ ...
"Nothing turns back the decree except dua, and nothing increases life except righteousness."
Shows dua is a decreed means that affects outcomes.
Sahih al-Bukhari 5986
Sahih... مَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يُبْسَطَ لَهُ فِي رِزْقِهِ، وَيُنْسَأَ لَهُ فِي أَثَرِهِ، فَلْيَصِلْ رَحِمَهُ ...
"Whoever would like his provision increased and his life extended, let him keep ties with his relatives."
Shows good deeds are causes Allah attaches to outcomes.
Where the ruling is recorded
- al-Aqida al-Tahawiyya, Section on dua and on the decree. States that Allah answers duas and fulfils needs, and that everything happens by His decree.
- Sharh al-Fiqh al-Akbar (Mulla Ali al-Qari), Section on decree and destiny. Discusses how dua and other causes relate to Allah's decree.
Checked by our team. For a more accurate answer to your own situation, consult a scholar. Quran translation by Sahih International. Hadith Arabic from the standard editions of the six books and the Muwatta, with gradings as recorded there; the English is our own rendering. Spotted a mistake? Tell us.