Short answer
Yes, but not as part of God. In the Quran, Ruh al-Qudus (the Holy Spirit, or Pure Spirit) is the angel Jibril (Gabriel), who brought revelation to the prophets and supported Isa (Jesus). Muslims believe in him as one of the greatest angels, a created servant of Allah, not a person of a Trinity.
Sunni scholars hold that Ruh al-Qudus in the Quran refers to Jibril, as do al-Ruh al-Amin (the Trustworthy Spirit) and al-Ruh in Surah al-Qadr. Angels are created beings who worship Allah; ascribing divinity to any of them is shirk.
The four schools agree on this.
Explanation
The Quran says of the Quran itself: "The Pure Spirit has brought it down from your Lord in truth" (16:102), and elsewhere: "The Trustworthy Spirit has brought it down" (26:193). Both refer to Jibril, the angel of revelation. On Laylat al-Qadr, "the angels and the Spirit descend" (97:4), and the Spirit is mentioned separately to honour him.
Allah says of Isa: "We gave Jesus, the son of Mary, clear proofs and supported him with the Pure Spirit" (2:87). Jibril was with him, strengthening him. The same support was given to others: the Prophet ﷺ prayed for the poet Hassan ibn Thabit, who defended him with his verses, "O Allah, support him with the Holy Spirit."
The Quran also uses the word ruh for other things: the human soul, which "is of the affair of my Lord" (17:85); the Quran as a life-giving revelation (42:52); and Isa himself, described as "a soul [created at a command] from Him" (4:171), meaning a soul Allah created, not a part of Allah. The same verse says: "do not say Three". Islam affirms that Allah is One and that the angels, prophets and souls are all His creation.
Read more in Angels in Islam, Who is Jesus in Islam? and Islam and Christianity.
The evidence
Quran, Surah An-Nahl 16:102
قُلْ نَزَّلَهُۥ رُوحُ ٱلْقُدُسِ مِن رَّبِّكَ بِٱلْحَقِّ لِيُثَبِّتَ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَهُدًۭى وَبُشْرَىٰ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ ﴿١٠٢﴾
Say, [O Muhammad], "The Pure Spirit has brought it down from your Lord in truth to make firm those who believe and as guidance and good tidings to the Muslims."
Identifies the Pure Spirit as the bringer of revelation.
Quran, Surah Al-Baqara 2:87
وَلَقَدْ ءَاتَيْنَا مُوسَى ٱلْكِتَٰبَ وَقَفَّيْنَا مِنۢ بَعْدِهِۦ بِٱلرُّسُلِ ۖ وَءَاتَيْنَا عِيسَى ٱبْنَ مَرْيَمَ ٱلْبَيِّنَٰتِ وَأَيَّدْنَٰهُ بِرُوحِ ٱلْقُدُسِ ۗ أَفَكُلَّمَا جَآءَكُمْ رَسُولٌۢ بِمَا لَا تَهْوَىٰٓ أَنفُسُكُمُ ٱسْتَكْبَرْتُمْ فَفَرِيقًۭا كَذَّبْتُمْ وَفَرِيقًۭا تَقْتُلُونَ ﴿٨٧﴾
And We did certainly give Moses the Torah and followed up after him with messengers. And We gave Jesus, the son of Mary, clear proofs and supported him with the Pure Spirit. But is it [not] that every time a messenger came to you, [O Children of Israel], with what your souls did not desire, you were arrogant? And a party [of messengers] you denied and another party you killed.
Shows Isa was supported by the Holy Spirit, Jibril.
Quran, Surah An-Nisaa 4:171
يَٰٓأَهْلَ ٱلْكِتَٰبِ لَا تَغْلُوا۟ فِى دِينِكُمْ وَلَا تَقُولُوا۟ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ إِلَّا ٱلْحَقَّ ۚ إِنَّمَا ٱلْمَسِيحُ عِيسَى ٱبْنُ مَرْيَمَ رَسُولُ ٱللَّهِ وَكَلِمَتُهُۥٓ أَلْقَىٰهَآ إِلَىٰ مَرْيَمَ وَرُوحٌۭ مِّنْهُ ۖ فَـَٔامِنُوا۟ بِٱللَّهِ وَرُسُلِهِۦ ۖ وَلَا تَقُولُوا۟ ثَلَٰثَةٌ ۚ ٱنتَهُوا۟ خَيْرًۭا لَّكُمْ ۚ إِنَّمَا ٱللَّهُ إِلَٰهٌۭ وَٰحِدٌۭ ۖ سُبْحَٰنَهُۥٓ أَن يَكُونَ لَهُۥ وَلَدٌۭ ۘ لَّهُۥ مَا فِى ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ ۗ وَكَفَىٰ بِٱللَّهِ وَكِيلًۭا ﴿١٧١﴾
O People of the Scripture, do not commit excess in your religion or say about Allah except the truth. The Messiah, Jesus, the son of Mary, was but a messenger of Allah and His word which He directed to Mary and a soul [created at a command] from Him. So believe in Allah and His messengers. And do not say, "Three"; desist - it is better for you. Indeed, Allah is but one God. Exalted is He above having a son. To Him belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth. And sufficient is Allah as Disposer of affairs.
Rejects the Trinity and explains Isa as a soul created by Allah.
Sahih al-Bukhari 453
Sahih... يَا حَسَّانُ، أَجِبْ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم، اللَّهُمَّ أَيِّدْهُ بِرُوحِ الْقُدُسِ ...
"O Hassan, answer on behalf of the Messenger of Allah. O Allah, support him with the Holy Spirit."
Shows the Holy Spirit supports believers by Allah's permission, as an angel, not as God.
Where the ruling is recorded
- Tafsir Ibn Kathir, Commentary on Surah al-Baqarah, verse 87. Explains that Ruh al-Qudus is Jibril.
- al-Aqida al-Tahawiyya, Section on the angels. Affirms belief in the angels as created servants of Allah.
Checked by our team. For a more accurate answer to your own situation, consult a scholar. Quran translation by Sahih International. Hadith Arabic from the standard editions of the six books and the Muwatta, with gradings as recorded there; the English is our own rendering. Spotted a mistake? Tell us.