Short answer
No. Allah is the Arabic word for the one God who created the sun and the moon, and the Quran forbids prostrating to the moon (41:37). The "moon god" claim has no basis in Arabic or in Islam's sources. Arab Christians and Jews also call God Allah.
Worshipping the moon, the sun or any created thing is shirk, the gravest sin. Muslims worship Allah alone, the Creator of the moon. The crescent is only used to count the months (2:189); it is not an object of worship.
The four schools agree on this.
Explanation
The Quran answers this directly: "And of His signs are the night and day and the sun and moon. Do not prostrate to the sun or to the moon, but prostrate to Allah, who created them" (41:37). The moon is a creation and a sign, not a god. When an eclipse happened, the Prophet ﷺ told people that the sun and moon are two signs of Allah and do not eclipse for anyone's death or life.
The Quran also tells how Ibrahim looked at a star, the moon and the sun, and rejected each as a lord because it set: "I like not those that disappear" (6:76). The point of the story is that heavenly bodies cannot be worshipped.
The claim spread in recent decades through some polemical books and pamphlets. They argue that pre-Islamic Arabs worshipped a moon god called Allah. In fact the pagan Arabs did know Allah as the supreme Creator: "If you asked them who created the heavens and earth and subjected the sun and the moon, they would surely say Allah" (29:61). Their error was to worship idols such as al-Lat and al-'Uzza alongside Him. Islam removed the idols, not added a moon deity.
The crescent on mosques and flags is a later cultural symbol, not something the Prophet ﷺ adopted. Muslims use the new moon only to know when months begin, as 2:189 says. See Star and Crescent Meaning and What is the name of God in Islam?
The evidence
Quran, Surah Fussilat 41:37
وَمِنْ ءَايَٰتِهِ ٱلَّيْلُ وَٱلنَّهَارُ وَٱلشَّمْسُ وَٱلْقَمَرُ ۚ لَا تَسْجُدُوا۟ لِلشَّمْسِ وَلَا لِلْقَمَرِ وَٱسْجُدُوا۟ لِلَّهِ ٱلَّذِى خَلَقَهُنَّ إِن كُنتُمْ إِيَّاهُ تَعْبُدُونَ ﴿٣٧﴾
And of His signs are the night and day and the sun and moon. Do not prostrate to the sun or to the moon, but prostate to Allah, who created them, if it should be Him that you worship.
Forbids worshipping the moon and commands worship of its Creator.
Quran, Surah Al-Ankaboot 29:61
وَلَئِن سَأَلْتَهُم مَّنْ خَلَقَ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضَ وَسَخَّرَ ٱلشَّمْسَ وَٱلْقَمَرَ لَيَقُولُنَّ ٱللَّهُ ۖ فَأَنَّىٰ يُؤْفَكُونَ ﴿٦١﴾
If you asked them, "Who created the heavens and earth and subjected the sun and the moon?" they would surely say, "Allah." Then how are they deluded?
Even the pagan Arabs named Allah as Creator of the moon.
Quran, Surah Al-Baqara 2:189
۞ يَسْـَٔلُونَكَ عَنِ ٱلْأَهِلَّةِ ۖ قُلْ هِىَ مَوَٰقِيتُ لِلنَّاسِ وَٱلْحَجِّ ۗ وَلَيْسَ ٱلْبِرُّ بِأَن تَأْتُوا۟ ٱلْبُيُوتَ مِن ظُهُورِهَا وَلَٰكِنَّ ٱلْبِرَّ مَنِ ٱتَّقَىٰ ۗ وَأْتُوا۟ ٱلْبُيُوتَ مِنْ أَبْوَٰبِهَا ۚ وَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ ﴿١٨٩﴾
They ask you, [O Muhammad], about the new moons. Say, "They are measurements of time for the people and for Hajj." And it is not righteousness to enter houses from the back, but righteousness is [in] one who fears Allah. And enter houses from their doors. And fear Allah that you may succeed.
The moon is a means of counting time, not a deity.
Sahih al-Bukhari 1043
Sahih... إن الشمس والقمر لا ينكسفان لموت أحد ولا لحياته ...
"The sun and the moon do not eclipse for anyone's death or for anyone's life."
The Prophet ﷺ taught that the moon is a sign of Allah, not a power.
Where the ruling is recorded
- al-Fiqh al-Akbar (Imam Abu Hanifa), Opening section on tawhid. Affirms that Allah is one, with no partner and nothing like Him.
- Sharh al-Aqa'id al-Nasafiyya (al-Taftazani), Section on the createdness of the world. Explains that everything other than Allah, including the heavenly bodies, is created.
Checked by our team. For a more accurate answer to your own situation, consult a scholar. Quran translation by Sahih International. Hadith Arabic from the standard editions of the six books and the Muwatta, with gradings as recorded there; the English is our own rendering. Spotted a mistake? Tell us.