Short answer
Yes, for men. The Prophet ﷺ said to wear white clothes because they are among the best and purest of clothes, and to shroud the dead in them. So white is mustahabb (recommended) for men in the Hanafi school, especially for Jumuah. It is not obligatory, and other colours are allowed. Women may wear any colour. The four schools agree.
Wearing white is mustahabb for men, especially on Friday and for the mosque. It is not required, and other lawful colours are permitted. For Eid the recommendation is one's best clothes, whatever their colour.
The four schools agree on this.
Explanation
Ibn Abbas reported the Prophet ﷺ saying: wear white clothes, for they are among the best of your clothes, and shroud your dead in them. In Samura's report he said white is purer and better. Dirt shows on white at once, so it is washed more and stays cleaner.
The ruling. Because of these hadiths, the Hanafi scholars say white is the most recommended colour for men's clothing. It is a sunnah of preference, not a duty. The Prophet also wore green, black and striped red garments, so other colours are fine; see what the Prophet wore.
Friday and Eid. For Jumuah, wear your best clean clothes, and white is preferred if you have it; see the Sunnahs of Friday. For Eid, the sunnah is your best clothes, new or not, in any colour; see what to wear on Eid.
Shrouds. The kafan is white cotton, following the same hadith; see how many sheets are in a kafan.
Women. The scholars place no colour requirement on women, who commonly wear many colours. In public the priority is clothing that is loose, covering and not eye-catching; see the hijab guide. Thin white fabric can be see-through, so check that it truly covers.
The evidence
Quran, Surah Al-Muddaththir 74:4
وَثِيَابَكَ فَطَهِّرْ ﴿٤﴾
And your clothing purify
Clean clothing is part of the believer's purity, and white shows any dirt.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 994
Graded sahih... البسوا من ثيابكم البياض فإنها من خير ثيابكم وكفنوا فيها موتاكم ...
"Wear white of your clothes, for it is among the best of your clothes, and shroud your dead in it."
A direct recommendation of white.
Sunan an-Nasa'i 5322
Grading to be checked... البسوا من ثيابكم البياض فإنها أطهر وأطيب ...
"Wear white clothes, for they are purer and better."
The reason given for preferring white.
Where the ruling is recorded
- al-Fatawa al-Hindiyya, Kitab al-Karahiyya, chapter on clothing. White is the most recommended colour of clothing.
- al-Hidaya, Kitab al-Salah, chapter on the Eid prayers. On the day of Eid one wears one's best clothes.
Checked by our team. For a more accurate answer to your own situation, consult a scholar. Quran translation by Sahih International. Hadith Arabic from the standard editions of the six books and the Muwatta, with gradings as recorded there; the English is our own rendering. Spotted a mistake? Tell us.