Short answer
No. If you prayed with a valid tayammum and then found water, even before the prayer time ended, your prayer is valid and is not repeated. Make wudu or ghusl for the next prayer. If you see water you can use during the prayer, the Hanafi school says the tayammum and prayer break, so make wudu and pray again.
A prayer performed with valid tayammum is not repeated when water is found afterwards, within the time or after it. Tayammum is broken by being able to use water, so seeing usable water during the prayer invalidates it.
Other madhhabs
- Shafi'i
- Seeing water during a prayer that would not need repeating does not break it; you complete it.
- Maliki
- Seeing water during the prayer does not break it; you complete it.
Explanation
Two men travelled without water. At prayer time they made tayammum on clean earth and prayed. They then found water while the time was still in. One made wudu and repeated the prayer; the other did not. The Prophet ﷺ told the second that he had followed the sunnah and his prayer was enough, and told the first that he had two rewards. So repeating is not required, and a person who did so out of caution is not blamed.
The Hanafi rulings:
- Found water after finishing the prayer: the prayer stands. Do not repeat it.
- Found water during the prayer: the tayammum is broken, and so is the prayer. Make wudu and pray again.
- Found water before praying: the tayammum is broken. Make wudu.
- The water is there but you cannot use it, because of illness, danger or because you need it for drinking: tayammum stays valid.
- Tayammum for janabah: once you can use water, do ghusl. The prayers you prayed are valid.
Tayammum is a full replacement, not a lesser stand-in. In the Hanafi school one tayammum serves for as many prayers as you like until it breaks. Allah does not intend to make difficulty for you. See how to make tayammum and tayammum in cold weather.
The evidence
Quran, Surah Al-Maaida 5:6
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ إِذَا قُمْتُمْ إِلَى ٱلصَّلَوٰةِ فَٱغْسِلُوا۟ وُجُوهَكُمْ وَأَيْدِيَكُمْ إِلَى ٱلْمَرَافِقِ وَٱمْسَحُوا۟ بِرُءُوسِكُمْ وَأَرْجُلَكُمْ إِلَى ٱلْكَعْبَيْنِ ۚ وَإِن كُنتُمْ جُنُبًۭا فَٱطَّهَّرُوا۟ ۚ وَإِن كُنتُم مَّرْضَىٰٓ أَوْ عَلَىٰ سَفَرٍ أَوْ جَآءَ أَحَدٌۭ مِّنكُم مِّنَ ٱلْغَآئِطِ أَوْ لَٰمَسْتُمُ ٱلنِّسَآءَ فَلَمْ تَجِدُوا۟ مَآءًۭ فَتَيَمَّمُوا۟ صَعِيدًۭا طَيِّبًۭا فَٱمْسَحُوا۟ بِوُجُوهِكُمْ وَأَيْدِيكُم مِّنْهُ ۚ مَا يُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ لِيَجْعَلَ عَلَيْكُم مِّنْ حَرَجٍۢ وَلَٰكِن يُرِيدُ لِيُطَهِّرَكُمْ وَلِيُتِمَّ نِعْمَتَهُۥ عَلَيْكُمْ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ ﴿٦﴾
O you who have believed, when you rise to [perform] prayer, wash your faces and your forearms to the elbows and wipe over your heads and wash your feet to the ankles. And if you are in a state of janabah, then purify yourselves. But if you are ill or on a journey or one of you comes from the place of relieving himself or you have contacted women and do not find water, then seek clean earth and wipe over your faces and hands with it. Allah does not intend to make difficulty for you, but He intends to purify you and complete His favor upon you that you may be grateful.
Tayammum is a mercy, and a prayer made with it is complete.
Sunan Abi Dawud 338
Grading to be checked... اصبت السنة واجزاتك صلاتك ...
"You followed the sunnah, and your prayer was enough for you."
A prayer prayed with tayammum is not repeated when water is found afterwards.
Where the ruling is recorded
- al-Hidaya, Kitab al-Taharat, chapter on tayammum. Seeing water during the prayer breaks tayammum; after it, the prayer is not repeated.
- Minhaj al-Talibin, Kitab al-Taharah, chapter on tayammum. The Shafi'i view on seeing water during prayer.
Checked by our team. For a more accurate answer to your own situation, consult a scholar. Quran translation by Sahih International. Hadith Arabic from the standard editions of the six books and the Muwatta, with gradings as recorded there; the English is our own rendering. Spotted a mistake? Tell us.