Short answer
Not in one goat or sheep. In the Hanafi school a goat or sheep counts for one sacrifice only, so it cannot be both qurbani and aqiqah. But a cow or camel has seven shares, and you may take some shares for qurbani and some for aqiqah in the same animal. The Hanbali school allows one sheep for both.
A small animal (goat or sheep) suffices for one act of sacrifice only. A cow or camel may be shared by up to seven, and shares may be for different acts of worship, such as qurbani and aqiqah, as long as every share is for worship. If money is limited, the wajib qurbani comes before the mustahabb aqiqah.
Other madhhabs
- Hanbali
- If the aqiqah day falls in the days of Eid sacrifice, one animal may count for both.
- Shafi'i
- Later Shafi'i scholars differ: Ibn Hajar al-Haytami held that one sheep cannot count for both, while al-Ramli held that it can.
- Maliki
- One animal cannot count for both.
Explanation
The Companions shared a cow or camel among seven people in the sacrifices of Hajj. From this the Hanafi school allows seven shares in a large animal, and since aqiqah follows the rules of qurbani, aqiqah shares may sit beside qurbani shares. A goat or sheep, by contrast, is one sacrifice for one person and one purpose.
In practice on Eid al-Adha:
- A family takes one cow: three shares for the parents' and grandparent's qurbani, two for a son's aqiqah, one for a daughter's aqiqah, and one more qurbani. All seven are valid.
- Do not count one goat as "both". Take two separate goats, or use shares in a cow.
- Every share must be for worship. A share taken only for meat spoils the whole animal for the others in the Hanafi school.
Which comes first? In the Hanafi school qurbani is wajib on every adult Muslim who has the nisab on the days of Eid, while aqiqah is mustahabb. If you can afford only one, give the qurbani, and do the aqiqah when you can. See late aqiqah.
For the share count use the qurbani share calculator and the aqiqah calculator, and see how many goats for aqiqah.
The evidence
Quran, Surah Al-Hajj 22:34
وَلِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍۢ جَعَلْنَا مَنسَكًۭا لِّيَذْكُرُوا۟ ٱسْمَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَىٰ مَا رَزَقَهُم مِّنۢ بَهِيمَةِ ٱلْأَنْعَٰمِ ۗ فَإِلَٰهُكُمْ إِلَٰهٌۭ وَٰحِدٌۭ فَلَهُۥٓ أَسْلِمُوا۟ ۗ وَبَشِّرِ ٱلْمُخْبِتِينَ ﴿٣٤﴾
And for all religion We have appointed a rite [of sacrifice] that they may mention the name of Allah over what He has provided for them of [sacrificial] animals. For your god is one God, so to Him submit. And, [O Muhammad], give good tidings to the humble [before their Lord]
Sacrifice is a rite of worship, so every share must be for worship.
Sunan Abi Dawud 2807
Grading to be checked... نذبح البقرة عن سبعة والجزور عن سبعة نشترك فيها ...
"We would slaughter a cow for seven and a camel for seven, sharing in it."
The basis for seven shares in a large animal.
Sahih al-Bukhari 5471
Sahih... مع الغلام عقيقة ...
"With a child there is an aqiqah."
Aqiqah is a separate sacrifice for the child.
Where the ruling is recorded
- Radd al-Muhtar (Ibn Abidin), Kitab al-Udhiyah. Shares in a cow may be for different acts of worship, including aqiqah.
- al-Hidaya, Kitab al-Udhiyah. Seven shares in a cow or camel, and that a share for meat alone spoils it.
- Kashshaf al-Qina', Kitab al-Hajj, chapter on udhiyah and aqiqah. The Hanbali view that one animal may count for both when they coincide.
Checked by our team. For a more accurate answer to your own situation, consult a scholar. Quran translation by Sahih International. Hadith Arabic from the standard editions of the six books and the Muwatta, with gradings as recorded there; the English is our own rendering. Spotted a mistake? Tell us.