Short answer
No. Muslims believe the Quran is the word of Allah, brought by the angel Jibril to the Prophet ﷺ, who could not read or write. He recited each passage and his scribes, such as Zayd ibn Thabit, wrote it down on his instruction. The Quran itself rejects the claim that he composed it.
Believing that the Quran is the speech of Allah and not the composition of the Prophet ﷺ is part of iman. Whoever claims he authored it denies the Quran.
The four schools agree on this.
Explanation
The Quran calls the Prophet ﷺ al-nabi al-ummi, the unlettered prophet (7:157). It also says to him: you did not recite any scripture before this, nor write one with your right hand, otherwise the falsifiers would have had cause to doubt (29:48). In the first revelation in the cave of Hira, when Jibril told him to read, he answered: "I am not a reader."
How it was written down. When ayat were revealed, the Prophet ﷺ called a scribe and dictated them. Al-Bukhari records him saying, "Call Zayd for me, and let him bring the board, the inkpot and the shoulder bone," before dictating an ayah. Other scribes included Ubayy ibn Ka'b, Mu'awiyah, Uthman and Ali. Many Companions also memorised every ayah. See the history of the Quran.
Why Muslims say he did not compose it:
- The Quran says he speaks not from his own desire; it is revelation (53:3 to 4).
- He was told to say that he had no right to change it on his own (10:15).
- It challenges anyone to produce even one surah like it (2:23).
- His own words, the hadith, are recorded separately and differ clearly in style from the Quran.
So the Prophet ﷺ was the one who received, recited, explained and lived the Quran, but its author is Allah. See is the Quran poetry and miracles of the Quran.
The evidence
Quran, Surah Al-Ankaboot 29:48
وَمَا كُنتَ تَتْلُوا۟ مِن قَبْلِهِۦ مِن كِتَٰبٍۢ وَلَا تَخُطُّهُۥ بِيَمِينِكَ ۖ إِذًۭا لَّٱرْتَابَ ٱلْمُبْطِلُونَ ﴿٤٨﴾
And you did not recite before it any scripture, nor did you inscribe one with your right hand. Otherwise the falsifiers would have had [cause for] doubt.
The Prophet ﷺ did not read or write before the Quran.
Quran, Surah An-Najm 53:3-4
وَمَا يَنطِقُ عَنِ ٱلْهَوَىٰٓ ﴿٣﴾ إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا وَحْىٌۭ يُوحَىٰ ﴿٤﴾
Nor does he speak from [his own] inclination. It is not but a revelation revealed,
What he conveyed was revelation, not his own words.
Quran, Surah Yunus 10:15
وَإِذَا تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْهِمْ ءَايَاتُنَا بَيِّنَٰتٍۢ ۙ قَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يَرْجُونَ لِقَآءَنَا ٱئْتِ بِقُرْءَانٍ غَيْرِ هَٰذَآ أَوْ بَدِّلْهُ ۚ قُلْ مَا يَكُونُ لِىٓ أَنْ أُبَدِّلَهُۥ مِن تِلْقَآئِ نَفْسِىٓ ۖ إِنْ أَتَّبِعُ إِلَّا مَا يُوحَىٰٓ إِلَىَّ ۖ إِنِّىٓ أَخَافُ إِنْ عَصَيْتُ رَبِّى عَذَابَ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍۢ ﴿١٥﴾
And when Our verses are recited to them as clear evidences, those who do not expect the meeting with Us say, "Bring us a Qur'an other than this or change it." Say, [O Muhammad], "It is not for me to change it on my own accord. I only follow what is revealed to me. Indeed I fear, if I should disobey my Lord, the punishment of a tremendous Day."
He had no authority to change the Quran.
Sahih al-Bukhari 3
Sahih... ما أنا بقارئ ...
"I am not a reader."
His reply to Jibril at the first revelation shows he could not read.
Sahih al-Bukhari 4990
Sahih... ادع لي زيدا وليجئ باللوح والدواة والكتف ...
"Call Zayd for me, and let him bring the board, the inkpot and the shoulder bone."
The Prophet ﷺ dictated the Quran to scribes.
Where the ruling is recorded
- al-Itqan (al-Suyuti), Chapter on the collection and writing of the Quran. Names the scribes of revelation and how the Quran was written in the Prophet's ﷺ lifetime.
Checked by our team. For a more accurate answer to your own situation, consult a scholar. Quran translation by Sahih International. Hadith Arabic from the standard editions of the six books and the Muwatta, with gradings as recorded there; the English is our own rendering. Spotted a mistake? Tell us.